Union & State Judiciary of INDIA Practice Questions Answers Test with Solutions

Answer: (a)

As originally enacted, the Constitution of India provided for a Supreme Court with a Chief Justice and seven lower-ranking Judges – leaving it to the Indian Parliament to increase this number.

In the early years, a full bench of the Supreme Court sat together to hear the cases presented before them. As the work of the Court increased and cases began to accumulate, Parliament increased the number of Judges from the original eight in 1950 to eleven in 1956, fourteen in 1960, eighteen in 1978, twenty-six in 1986 and thirty-one in 2008.

As the number of judges has increased, they have sat in smaller Benches of two or three (referred to as a Division Bench) – coming together in larger Benches of five or more (referred to as Constitutional Bench) only when required to settle fundamental questions of law.

Answer: (b)

Answer: (d)

The Union cabinet had approved a proposal for introduction of the Bill in Parliament by making an amendment of the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Act, 1956 for increase in the number of judges in the Supreme Court to augment the strength of the Supreme Court Judges, excluding the Chief Justice of Indian, from 25 to 30.The increase in the number of judges will allow Supreme Court to function more efficiently and effectively towards attaining the ultimate goal of rendering speedy justice to the litigant public.

Answer: (c)

The High Court of India does not have advisory jurisdiction.

It has original, appellate and supervisory jurisdiction only.

Supervisory jurisdiction refers to power of superior courts of general superintendence over all subordinate courts.

Answer: (b)

Article 71 of the Constitution of India, 1950, provides that all doubts and disputes relating to the election of a President or Vice-President are required to be inquired into and decided by the Supreme Court.